Why Are Some Things Read Rightt to Left

In a right-to-left, superlative-to-bottom script (ordinarily shortened to right to left or abbreviated RTL), writing starts from the right of the page and continues to the left, proceeding from height to lesser for new lines. This tin can exist contrasted against left-to-correct writing systems, where writing starts from the left of the page and continues to the right.

Arabic, Hebrew, Pashto, Urdu, and Sindhi are the most widespread RTL writing systems in modern times.

Correct-to-left can also refer to height-to-lesser, correct-to-left (TB-RL or TBRL) scripts such as Chinese, Japanese, and Korean, though in modern times they are too commonly written left to right. Books designed for predominantly TBRL vertical text open in the aforementioned direction as those for RTL horizontal text: the spine is on the right and pages are numbered from right to left.

Uses [edit]

Arabic, Hebrew are the nigh widespread RTL writing systems in modernistic times. As usage of the Arabic script spread, the repertoire of 28 characters used to write the Arabic language was supplemented to accommodate the sounds of many other languages such as Pashto, etc. While the Hebrew alphabet is used to write the Hebrew language, it is besides used to write other Jewish languages such every bit Yiddish and Judaeo-Castilian.

Syriac and Mandaean (Mandaic) scripts are derived from Aramaic and are written RTL. Samaritan is like, only developed from Proto-Hebrew rather than Aramaic. Many other aboriginal and historic scripts derived from Aramaic inherited its right-to-left management.

Several languages have both Arabic RTL and non-Arabic LTR writing systems. For example, Sindhi is commonly written in Standard arabic and Devanagari scripts, and a number of others have been used. Kurdish may be written in Standard arabic, Latin, Cyrillic or Armenian script.

Thaana appeared around 1600 CE. Most mod scripts are LTR, but North'Ko (1949), Mende Kikakui (19th century), Adlam (1980s) and Hanifi Rohingya (1980s) were created in modernistic times and are RTL.

Ancient examples of text using alphabets such every bit Phoenician, Greek, or Old Italic may exist variously in left-to-right, right-to-left, or boustrophedon club; therefore, it is not ever possible to classify some ancient writing systems as purely RTL or LTR.

Computing support [edit]

Correct-to-left, top-to-bottom text is supported in common computer software.^[1] Often, this support must be explicitly enabled. Right-to-left text can be mixed with left-to-right text in bi-directional text.

List of RTL scripts [edit]

Examples of right-to-left scripts (with ISO 15924 codes in brackets) are:

Current scripts [edit]

• Arabic script (Arab 160, Aran 161) – used for Arabic, Persian, Urdu and many other languages.
• Hebrew alphabet (Hebr 125) – used for Hebrew, Yiddish and another Jewish languages.
• Thaana (Thaa 170) – used for Dhivehi.
• Syriac alphabet (Syrc 135, variants 136–138 Syrn, Syrj, Syre) – used for varieties of the Syriac language.
• Mandaic alphabet (Mand 140) – closely related to Syriac, used for the Mandaic linguistic communication.
• Samaritan alphabet (Samr 123) – closely related to Hebrew, used for the Samaritans' writings.
• Mende Kikakui (Mend 438) – for Mende in Sierra Leone. Devised by Mohammed Turay and Kisimi Kamara in the belatedly 19th century. Still used simply only by near 500 people.
• N'Ko script (Nkoo 165) – devised in 1949 for the Manding languages of West Africa.
• Garay alphabet – designed in 1961 for the Wolof linguistic communication
• Adlam (Adlm 166) – devised in the 1980s for writing the Fula languages of West and Cardinal Africa.
• Hanifi Rohingya (Rohg 167) – developed in the 1980s for the Rohingya language.

Aboriginal scripts [edit]

• Indus script^[2]
• Egyptian hieroglyphs^[iii]
• Cypriot syllabary (Cprt 403) – predates Phoenician influence.
• Phoenician alphabet (Phnx 115) – ancient, precursor to Hebrew, Imperial Aramaic, and Greek.
• Imperial Aramaic alphabet (Armi 124) – ancient, closely related to Hebrew and Phoenician. Spread widely by the Neo-Assyrian and Achaemenid empires. The later Palmyrene form (Palm 126) was also used to write Aramaic.
• Old Due south Arabian (Sarb)
• Old North Arabian (Narb)
• Pahlavi scripts (130–133: Prti, Phli, Phlp, Phlv) – derived from Aramaic.
• Avestan alphabet (Avst 134) – from Pahlavi, with added letters. Used for recording the Zoroastrian sacred texts during the Sassanid era.
• Hatran alphabet (Hatr 127), used to write the Aramaic of Hatra
• Sogdian (Sogd 141 and Sogo 142) and Manichaean (Mani 139, associated with the Manichaean religion) – derived from Syriac. Sogdian eventually rotated from RTL to meridian-to-bottom, giving rise to the Old Uyghur, Mongolian, and Manchu vertical scripts.
• Nabatean alphabet (Nbat) – intermediate between Syriac and Arabic.
• Old Ge'ez alphabet^[4] (Ethi 495)
• Kharosthi (Khar 305) – an ancient script of India, derived from Aramaic.
• Onetime Turkic runes (also called Orkhon runes Orkh 175)
• Old Hungarian runes (Hung 176).
• Sometime Italic alphabets (Ital 210) – Early on Etruscan was RTL merely LTR examples afterward became more than common. Umbrian, Oscan, and Faliscan were written right-to-left. Unicode treats Old Italic as left-to-right, to match modern usage. Some texts are boustrophedon ^[5]
• Lydian alphabet (Lydi 116) – aboriginal; some texts are left-to-correct or boustrophedon.

See also [edit]

• Bidirectional text
• Script (Unicode)
• Writing organisation

References [edit]

1. ^ "Introduction to typing and using RTL (Right to Left) text, and configuring software applications to support RTL".
2. ^ Nath sen, Sailendra (1999). Aboriginal Indian History and Culture. Routledge. p. 35. ISBN9788122411980.
3. ^ Sir Alan H. Gardiner, Egyptian Grammar, Third Edition Revised, Griffith Institute (2005), p. 25.
4. ^ "Ethiopic". Encyclopedia.com . Retrieved 10 April 2021. Since the quaternary cent. Advertizing, when Federal democratic republic of ethiopia was Christianized, the Ethiopic script has been written from left to right, though previously the management of writing was from right to left.
5. ^ Davis, Mark; Everson, Michael; Freytag, Asmus; Jenkins, John H. (2001-05-16). "Unicode Standard Annex #27: Unicode three.ane". Most early on Etruscan texts have right-to-left directionality. From the tertiary century BCE, left-to-right texts appear, showing the influence of Latin. Oscan, Umbrian, and Faliscan as well generally have right-to-left directionality. Boustrophedon appears rarely, and not specially early .... Despite this, for reasons of implementation simplicity, many scholars prefer left-to-right presentation of texts, as this is besides their practise when transcribing the texts into Latin script. Accordingly, the Former Italic script has a default directionality of strong left-to-correct in this standard. When directional overrides are used to produce right-to-left presentation, the glyphs in fonts must be mirrored ...

External links [edit]

• Everson, Michael (2001-01-08) Roadmapping early Semitic scripts https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2001/01024-n2311.pdf
• Buntz, Carl-Martin (2000-21-12) L2/01-007, Iranianist Meeting Report: Encoding Iranian Scripts in Unicode https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2001/01007-iran.txt

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-to-left_script

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